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Post by djoser-xyyman on Dec 27, 2011 18:11:30 GMT -5
Saudi Arabian Y-Chromosome diversity and its relationship with nearby regions
Khaled K Abu-Amero*1, Ali Hellani2, Ana M González3, Jose M Larruga3,
Vicente M Cabrera3 and Peter A Underhill4
Within this frame, it should be expected that E-M96* types appear in Africa although its presence in the Arabian Peninsula instead Eastern Africa would not compromise the last proposed model. It could be suggested that these E-M96 Saudi lineages have a sub-Saharan Africa ancestry. However, at least for one of them, all their known male ancestors belong to a big Shammar Arab tribe that ruled much of central and northern Arabia from Riyadh to the frontiers of Syria and northern Iraq. In addition, it might be present in Lebanon [18].
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Post by djoser-xyyman on Dec 27, 2011 18:12:31 GMT -5
Anyone has more info on this group?
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Post by djoser-xyyman on Dec 27, 2011 20:22:14 GMT -5
from another site
.. . .
The Shammar are an Arabian Bedouin tribe. According to legend the Shammar originated in modern day Jordan and they are descendants of the Midianites. However they would later migrate into Northern and Central Arabia.Other legend states that the Shammar originated in Yemen. However it is stated that the Shammar had strong alliance and blood with the Ghassanids and Lakhmids. The Shammar tribe once ruled most of Arabia, and they had a state known as Jebal Shammar in Northern Arabia under quasi-independence however there loyalty to the Ottoman Empire was unquestioned. Unlike other Arabians tribes the Shammar did not partake in the Arab revolt, but wanted to crush it. The Sauds and the British would force the Shammar to be expelled from their ancient homeland into what is now Iraq. The tribe was almost eradicated by the British, with few remains are to be found in Arabia. Today 90% of the Shammar tribe lives in Iraq, and made Tikrit and Mosul to be their homeland. Always distinguished by their dark skin, eyes and small built and often to this day keep the nomadic lifestyle of their ancestors. The Toga clan of the Shammar who settled in the Southern parts of Iraq adopted Shia Islam. Today there are still blood links and relationships between these two groups. During the Baathist times the Shammar faced increasing marginalization despite they were mostly Sunnis and of Arab origins, this was because their nomadic culture was seen to be a hindrance to modernization
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Post by djoser-xyyman on Dec 27, 2011 20:45:34 GMT -5
The origin of Eastern European Jews revealed by autosomal, sex chromosomal and mtDNA polymorphisms.
Zoossmann-Diskin A.
Source
Department of Haematology and Genetic Pathology, School of Medicine, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia. Avshalom.Zoossmann-Diskin@sheba.health.gov.il
Abstract
BACKGROUND:
This study aims to establish the likely origin of EEJ (Eastern European Jews) by genetic distance analysis of autosomal markers and haplogroups on the X and Y chromosomes and mtDNA.
RESULTS:
According to the autosomal polymorphisms the investigated Jewish populations do not share a common origin, and EEJ are closer to Italians in particular and to Europeans in general than to the other Jewish populations. The similarity of EEJ to Italians and Europeans is also supported by the X chromosomal haplogroups. In contrast according to the Y-chromosomal haplogroups EEJ are closest to the non-Jewish populations of the Eastern Mediterranean. MtDNA shows a mixed pattern, but overall EEJ are more distant from most populations and hold a marginal rather than a central position. The autosomal genetic distance matrix has a very high correlation (0.789) with geography, whereas the X-chromosomal, Y-chromosomal and mtDNA matrices have a lower correlation (0.540, 0.395 and 0.641 respectively).
CONCLUSIONS:
The close genetic resemblance to Italians accords with the historical presumption that Ashkenazi Jews started their migrations across Europe in Italy and with historical evidence that conversion to Judaism was common in ancient Rome. The reasons for the discrepancy between the biparental markers and the uniparental markers are discussed
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