Linking Two Worlds: African (EEF) Ancestry in Europe - DNATr

[djoser-xyyman]

What DNATribes is trying to determine this month is “origin” of EEF and thus the origin of the major genetic component found in Europe today. Specifically by analyzing two populations West Asia(Levant) and Aegan(greek) populations.


The SNP and STR analysis agree. Berbers/indigenous North Africanas are the major ancestral group.

Quote:
‘’’’Because these components are found in all studied Aegean and West Asian regions, they might to some degree reflect traces of EEF populations ***ANCESTRAL to both ****Europeans and West Asians.’’’’

Quote:
‘’’’ As with STR components (discussed in the previous section of this article), Berber-North African percentages are expressed for all studied SNP clusters. ’’’’



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DNATribes – September 2, 2014
Genetic Component Linking Two Worlds: First Farmer (EEF) Ancestry in the Middle East and Europe
Background
Recent landmark studies have unearthed important clues about the peopling of Eurasia, in the form of several ancient genomes spanning the Paleolithic, Mesolithic, and Neolithic periods.

At present, a key question is where these EEF populations originated:


However, the origins of these first “Old European” (Balkan Neolithic) and Ubaidian (Fertile Crescent proto-Sumerians) city-founders remain obscure and debated by scholars.7 In even earlier periods, the Levant had been a contact point between West Asian Hunter-Gatherer populations and Natufian-PPNA cultures during the PPNB (Pre-Pottery Neolithic B) period.


Nevertheless, the geographic location of the Levant as a nexus between Europe, West Asia, and Africa suggests that ancient populations from one or more of these continents might have been involved in the emergence and expansion of EEF peoples.


To explore these underlying connections and search for clues to EEF origins i……. this month’s Digest analysis will use autosomal STR and SNP analysis to examine non-local genetic components in the Aegean and West Asia.


Discussion: Results in Table 1 and Figure 2 express several genetic components in the Aegean and West Asia. Components found in all studied regions include: North African, Balkan, and Indus Valley percentages. In contrast, components found in only some studied regions include: Horn of Africa, Basque, and Belgic.
North African percentages are largest in the Levantine region (36.5%) and are smallest in the Aegean region (11.5%). This genetic component, shared by all studied regions, might to some extent reflect North African related contact with the Fertile Crescent, possibly dating to the integration of PPNB populations with (possibly African related) Harifian hunters in the Circum-Arabian Pastoral omplex.8





This shared component suggests that early Central Asians or South Asians might have interacted with EEF farmers, perhaps near the Caucasus Mountains and Iranian Plateau. In particular, this might reflect West Asian interactions involved in Secondary Uruk Expansions and the emergence of the Indus Valley Civilization during the second millennium BCE.10


Because these components are found in all studied Aegean and West Asian regions, they might to some degree reflect traces of EEF populations ***ANCESTRAL to both ****Europeans and West Asians.

[djoser-xyyman]

Discussion: Results in Table 2 and Figure 3 express several genetic components in the Aegean and West Asia. Components found in all studied regions include: Berber-North African, Spanish-Portuguese, Central European, Central Asian, and Kalash-Balochi percentages. In contrast, components found in only some studied regions include: Horn of Africa, Basque, NW Europe, Balto-Slavic, Tatar-Chuvash, and Burusho-Punjabi-Sindhi.
As with STR components (discussed in the previous section of this article), Berber-North African percentages are expressed for all studied SNP clusters. ….




Berber-North African percentages are largest in Bedouin-Gulf Arabs, which (as discussed in the previous section) might reflect contacts between nomadic North African and Arabian cultures dating in part to the emergence of the Circum-Arabian Pastoral Complex. Further, these North African genetic components might more fundamentally reflect early contacts between Natufians and PPNA-B populations, possibly involved in First Farmer cultures that spread throughout Europe and the Middle East during the Neolithic period.





Conclusion
Both autosomal STR and SNP results express North African, European, and Central-South Asian related genetic components found throughout studied Aegean and West Asian populations, when local components are excluded. Some or all of these shared components might in part reflect genetic traces of the ***EEF ancestry**** found in these modern populations.. Really DNATribes?

[djoser-xyyman]

Pictures to come.

[djoser-xyyman]

They saved the best for last. They left out the SSA components. That will “soon come”.

[rivertemz]

weblinks please

[djoser-xyyman]

As one can see, based upon DNATribes database. indigenous Arabians are Africans. Arabia is an extension of Africa

The two largest components in the indigenous people of Arabia are African(Horn and North Africans)

Sept 2, 2014 12:18:43 GMT -5 rivertemz said:

weblinks please

[djoser-xyyman]

I told you so. This is not rocket science.

[djoser-xyyman]

More pictures

[djoser-xyyman]

according to DNATribes.

Arabia is an extension of Africa

[djoser-xyyman]

^I did make this up. Really. lol!

[djoser-xyyman]

Notice what DNAtribes did? They have a conflicted mind. Total confused and unsure how to deal with the data they are discovering.

They agree that EEF source population is North Africa but leave it out of their chart. They are afraid to place EEF in Africa. EEF should be placed IN Africa also. But instead they only have EEF in Arabia.

Instead they extend Africa into Arabia then placed EEF IN Arabia.

Progressives! Tsk! Tsk! White people! schizoids

Here! I will correct it for them

[djoser-xyyman]

DNATribes is caught between a rock and a hard place. The truth and the status quo who pay their bills. They are probably feeling the heat. They back peddled from their previous report…a little.


Someone told them NOT to place EEF “in” Africa. So what did they do? They extended Africa into Arabia then placed EEF in Arabia. By their own data set the indigenous population sof the Levant are 50% African or more.

[djoser-xyyman]

Thinking African DNA in Arabia (Levant) is new is absurd and ridiculous.

Oh! While researching Yemen. Here is something I came across. To those who question - Arabia is an extension of Africa!!! They have alwasy known. DNATribes is not disclosing anything new. They are confirming what I have been saying 3 years now. Arabia is an extension of Africa. How inprotant are the Bediouns?

Zanetti et al AUG2014

Quote:


The results indicate SIGNIFICANT genetic differences between Bedouins and General Jordanians (p= 0.038) from the 18 markers. Whereas Bedouins show a close genetic proximity to North African, General Jordanians appear genetically as more similar to other Middle East populations. In general, the data of this study are consistent with the hypothesis that Bedouins have had an important role in the peopling of Jordan and constitute the ****ORIGINAL*** substrate of the current population.

However, migration into Jordan in recent years likely has contributed to the diversity among current Jordanian population groups.

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Think Ottoman Turks as the new migrants(J2)


8-28-2014
Human Diversity In Jordan: Polymorphic Alu Insertions In General Jordanian And Bedouin Groups
Daniela Zanetti
Department of Animal Biology-Anthropology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain

[djoser-xyyman]

Through genetics - They have known for a long time that Africans (AMH) entered Europe NOT through the Levant but through Northern Africa and Southern Europe. They have been lying and/or just burying their heads in the sand like ostrich’s. Lying to themselves and to the world, the liars they are. Trying to convince themselves they are not a sub-set of recent North Africans who are in turn a sub-set of South Saharans. Using reverse psychology, trying to convince us North Africana are admixture of Europeans migrants and South Saharan Africans. They have been trying with all their might, media power and lies they are distantly related to Africans.

Pickerell corroborates what Lazaridis just authored in his Sep2014 study about 3 ancestry for modern Europeans. The lies are coming to end …maybe we can finally move on.

Here is what the infamous – Pickrell et al says.


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Inference of Population Splits and Mixtures from Genome-Wide Allele Frequency Data -
Joseph K. Pickrell1*, Jonathan K. Pritchard1,2*
-DEC 2012


Two inferred edges were unexpected. First, perhaps the most surprising inference is that Cambodians trace about 16% of their ancestry to a population equally related to both Europeans and other East Asians (while the remaining 84% of their ancestry is related to other southeast Asians). This is partially consistent with clustering analyses, which indicate shared ancestry between Cambodians and central Asian populations [7]. To confirm that the Cambodians are admixed, we turned to less parameterized models. The predicted admixture event implies that allele frequencies in Cambodia are more similar to those in African populations than would be expected based on their East Asian ancestry. To test this, we used three-population tests [37]. We tested the trees [African, [Cambodian,Dai]] for evidence of admixture in the Cambodians (Methods). When using any African population, there is strong evidence of admixture (when using Yoruba, Z~{7:0 [p~1|10{12]; when using Mandenka, Z~{7:3 [p~1|10{12]; when using San, Z~{4:8 [p~8|10{7]). We conclude that the Cambodian population is the result of an admixture event involving a southeast Asian population related to the Dai and a Eurasian population only distantly related to those present in these data.
Finally, we infer an admixture edge from the Middle East (a population related to the Mozabite, a Berber population from northern Africa) to southern European populations (w~22%). This migration edge is the one edge that is not consistent across independent runs of TreeMix on these data (Figure S8). In particular, an alternative graph (albeit with lower likelihood) places the Mozabite as an admixture between southern Europe and Africa *****(RATHER ******than the Middle East and Africa), and does NOT include an edge from the middle East to southern Europe.

WE THUS HESITATE TO INTERPRET THIS RESULT, except to note that the relationship between northern African, the Middle East, and southern Europe involves complex patterns of gene flow that merit further investigation [43,57].



Discussion
In this paper, we have developed a unified model for inferring PATTERNS OF POPULATION SPLITS and mixtures from genome-wide allele frequency data. We have shown that this model is accurate in simulations, largely recapitulates the known relationships between well-studied human populations, and is able to identify new relationships between populations in both humans and dogs.



However, once population structure in a species has been identified, these methods((((((Insert by xyyman- ADMIXTURE AND STRUCTURE))))are not well-suited for describing how it arose, and are only indirectly informative about the historical relationships between different populations. The model developed in this paper is designed to more directly address these historical questions.


Methods
Graph estimation
As described in the Results, we developed an algorithm called TreeMix that uses the composite likelihood in Equation 28 to search for the maximum likelihood graph. Estimation involves two major steps. First, for a given graph topology, we need to find the maximum likelihood branch lengths and migration weights. Second, we need to search the space of possible graphs. First consider a given graph topology. We iterate between optimizing the branch lengths and weights. If the edge weights are known, the observed entries of the covariance matrix can be written down as an overdetermined system of linear equations (as in Equations 13–

[djoser-xyyman]

Finally, we infer an admixture edge from the Middle East (a population related to the Mozabite, a Berber population from northern Africa) to southern European populations (w~22%). This migration edge is the one edge that is not consistent across independent runs of TreeMix on these data (Figure S8). In particular, an alternative graph (albeit with lower likelihood) places the Mozabite as an admixture between southern Europe and Africa (*****RATHER ******than the Middle East and Africa), and does NOT include an edge from the middle East to southern Europe.

WE THUS HESITATE TO INTERPRET THIS RESULT, except to note that the relationship between northern African, the Middle East, and southern Europe involves complex patterns of gene flow that merit further investigation [43,57].


Lazaridis just corroborates what Shriver concluded close to five years ago. Light skin has an African origin. This is not rocket science. SMH