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Post by djoser-xyyman on Mar 17, 2015 13:13:25 GMT -5
Eight thousand years of natural selection in Europe - Iain Mathieson* [1], Iosif Lazaridis March 2015
BOTH light skin pigmentation genes(SLC45A2 and SLC24A5) were introduced by the Neolithic package in Europe. Prior to that “Europeans” were black…right up to the Early Neolithic…about 6000ya. And no Cass, The Yamanya were not blondes with blue eyes. Lazaridis just called out that study you quoted as fake…a lie.
To the Afrocentrics. - what is fascinating is that the black Europeans were “negroids” like Melenesians, Ong, Makrani There genetic profile confirms that. Even more bizarre is that the incoming African Neolithics were lighter in complexion also with “Negroid” features. During the Bronze/Iron/Medieval age another population entered Europe? Who knows? Because again the morphology changes but the Neolithic genes still exists since some southern Europeans are at least 80% African.
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Post by djoser-xyyman on Mar 17, 2015 13:13:43 GMT -5
==== QUOTE: As previously reported7,11,12, both derived alleles are absent or very rare in western 66 hunter-gatherers. suggesting that mainland European hunter-gatherers may have had dark skin 67 pigmentation. SLC45A2 *** FIRST**** appears in our data at low frequency in the Early Neolithic, and increases 68 steadily in frequency until the present, when it has frequency 1 in all populations except Spanish (IBS, 69 Figure 2; estimated selection coefficient ? =0.020, CI=0.011-0.031). In contrast, the derived allele of 70 SLC24A5 increases rapidly in frequency to around 0.9 in the Early Neolithic, suggesting that most of the 71 increase in frequency of this allele ***IS DUE*** to its high frequency in the early farmers who migrated TO Europe Our data strengthens previous reports of the late appearance of lactase persistence in Europe7,22, with the EARLIEST appearance of the allele in a central European Bell Beaker sample (individual I0112) who lived approximately 4,300 years ago. We detect no evidence of lactase persistence in Early Neolithic farming populations like the Linearbandkeramik (LBK), or in the steppe pastoralist Yamnaya, despite their use of domesticated cattle (Figure 2).
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Post by djoser-xyyman on Mar 17, 2015 13:13:56 GMT -5
The derived allele of rs12913832 at the HERC2/OCA2 locus is the primary determinant of blue eyes in Europeans, and may also contribute to light skin and hair pigmentation25-28. Our analysis detects a genome-wide signal of selection at this locus, but INSTEAD of the signal being one of positive selection with a coefficient of 0.036 as in ***a ***previous study of ancient DNA in the eastern Europe steppe8, our signal is of weakly negative selection ( ? =-0.007, CI = -0.011 to -0.001). One possible explanation is local adaptation: that the allele is advantageous in the north and disadvantageous in the south of Europe. This hypothesis is supported by the fact that our data shows that an extreme north-south gradient in allele frequencies has been maintained in Europe for the last 8,000 years (Figure 2C, Extended data Figure 3). The negative results – the fact that we detect only five alleles with genome-wide evidence of selection – are equally interesting, as they suggest that there were only a small number of strong selective sweeps on single alleles since the advent of agriculture in Europe. None of these strong sweeps involved immune-related loci despite the fact that it has been argued that very strong selection on disease resistance would be common following the introduction of agriculture.
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