Post by anansi on Jun 4, 2012 15:10:43 GMT -5
From the book a history of secret sociaties by arkon darul.the earliest mentions of the witches sabbats;which were also known as "synagogues" came in the eleventh century,and seem to show the assimilation of the diana cult with another: one which involves the worship of a "black man".
then we have mentions of brewing of potions,rubbing on oinyments,meetings and spells at cross-roads,renouncing christianity and the use of the wax image in a death-spell.
by the fifteenth century,there was a remarkable similarity between witch meeting reported or confessed to,in many countries,some without much contact with one another.
reference will be made later to the "sabbat" rituals reported from sweden,spain,scotland and france. from the 7th~15th centuries the moors were ruling spain and north africa. cultral penetration from their universities into western europe was enormous;
while their transltions of greek and other philosophical books posed a challenge which the theologians of the west were hard to meet during this very same period, a strange cult had arisen in morocco,crossed the strits into andaluisa, and wasactively-if secretly-followed in the centres of arab civilization with cosmopolitan populations. the latter consisted of arabized jews,christians scholors and wandering ascetics who travelled from one country to another in search of knowlage. the cult was called by the arab authorities{who tried to put it down} "the double horned", and it seemed to be connected moon-worship.
it was certainly associated with magic, and its similarities to what were later reported as witch practises are very close. the devotees of this cult met on thursday nights,were initiated by having a wound inflicted somewhere on their bodies{which left a smallscar},and beleived that they could raise magical power by dancing in or around a circle. some of them claim that they at times carried out religious services which involved the saying of the moslem prayers backwards,and invoking el aswad(the black man)to help them. they served their priests, whom they saw only rarely, says the historian ibn jafar,after taking an oath of fealty of body and soul,they were drawn from all sections of the community, were of both sexes, and used ritual knives in the scarring ceremony. these knives were known as al-dhamme' or bloodletters.
here is a typical initiation ceremony of the horned ones:we gathered by night, where two paths met and crossed; and he who had been so instructed bore with him a cock, which was to be sacrificed as the emblem of the new day. each carried a staff with two horns in brass upon the head; which is symbolical of the goat which is ridden,the sign of power and irresistiblity. "this meeting which is called the zabbat,the forceful or powerful one; and the circle of companions are the kafan(arabic for winding sheet).
We were thus termed, because each man wears over his naked flesh during the ritual only the white plain sheet in which he will be buried. "i was given the sanctity that night, and to join with the band of the elect who would spread joy throughout the world.
those of us who are companions of the rabbna(our lord) examplified by the blacksmith". in morocco to this day, blacksmiths are considered to be great sorcerers; and in the middle east in general(as well as in the arabian nights)it is the moor who is always the magician.
However, we find that amoung the blue eyed berbers of the moroccan atlas, a similar type of cermonry is still in exant.ABDELMALIK HAROUNI,in his MUAJIZAT- IFRIQUIA wonders of africa, writing a thousand years later in constantinople, speaks of the berber sect of the horned ones, who lights fires and dance around them, each member carries a staff called the goat which he throws away during the ecstacy of the ritual dance.
now here comes the european connection;it seams quite possible that medieval european witch craft was amixture of two hornism, and various folk belief from pre-christian times.
in 1324,the trail of lady KYTELER in ireland brought allegations that she was a witch; that she sacrificed a red cock to one, who was called an ETHIOPEAN; the use of the name ROBIN and ROBINET; and variations is more than once found in EUROPEAN witch craft cases, the apperance of the blackman is not uncommon. was there a connection between moors and western europe as early this? most decidedly so' and much earlier, ANGLO-SAXON coins imitating ARAB dinars of A.D.774 were struck by king OFFA. with the there is only one god ALLAH and MOHAMMAED is his messenger, the originals were minted by the caliph who ruled SPAIN. LADY Kyteler sacrificed to one robbin the above should say.
Below is my opinion not taken from the book:
Maybe the religious reformation/jihaad carried out by the Alomravids at the closing of the Ghanaian empire,had at lot do with the above,imagine a fifth coloum of African non-islamic religious ideas permeating the Islmaic empire like a virus affecting even potential heathen Christian converters.
then we have mentions of brewing of potions,rubbing on oinyments,meetings and spells at cross-roads,renouncing christianity and the use of the wax image in a death-spell.
by the fifteenth century,there was a remarkable similarity between witch meeting reported or confessed to,in many countries,some without much contact with one another.
reference will be made later to the "sabbat" rituals reported from sweden,spain,scotland and france. from the 7th~15th centuries the moors were ruling spain and north africa. cultral penetration from their universities into western europe was enormous;
while their transltions of greek and other philosophical books posed a challenge which the theologians of the west were hard to meet during this very same period, a strange cult had arisen in morocco,crossed the strits into andaluisa, and wasactively-if secretly-followed in the centres of arab civilization with cosmopolitan populations. the latter consisted of arabized jews,christians scholors and wandering ascetics who travelled from one country to another in search of knowlage. the cult was called by the arab authorities{who tried to put it down} "the double horned", and it seemed to be connected moon-worship.
it was certainly associated with magic, and its similarities to what were later reported as witch practises are very close. the devotees of this cult met on thursday nights,were initiated by having a wound inflicted somewhere on their bodies{which left a smallscar},and beleived that they could raise magical power by dancing in or around a circle. some of them claim that they at times carried out religious services which involved the saying of the moslem prayers backwards,and invoking el aswad(the black man)to help them. they served their priests, whom they saw only rarely, says the historian ibn jafar,after taking an oath of fealty of body and soul,they were drawn from all sections of the community, were of both sexes, and used ritual knives in the scarring ceremony. these knives were known as al-dhamme' or bloodletters.
here is a typical initiation ceremony of the horned ones:we gathered by night, where two paths met and crossed; and he who had been so instructed bore with him a cock, which was to be sacrificed as the emblem of the new day. each carried a staff with two horns in brass upon the head; which is symbolical of the goat which is ridden,the sign of power and irresistiblity. "this meeting which is called the zabbat,the forceful or powerful one; and the circle of companions are the kafan(arabic for winding sheet).
We were thus termed, because each man wears over his naked flesh during the ritual only the white plain sheet in which he will be buried. "i was given the sanctity that night, and to join with the band of the elect who would spread joy throughout the world.
those of us who are companions of the rabbna(our lord) examplified by the blacksmith". in morocco to this day, blacksmiths are considered to be great sorcerers; and in the middle east in general(as well as in the arabian nights)it is the moor who is always the magician.
However, we find that amoung the blue eyed berbers of the moroccan atlas, a similar type of cermonry is still in exant.ABDELMALIK HAROUNI,in his MUAJIZAT- IFRIQUIA wonders of africa, writing a thousand years later in constantinople, speaks of the berber sect of the horned ones, who lights fires and dance around them, each member carries a staff called the goat which he throws away during the ecstacy of the ritual dance.
now here comes the european connection;it seams quite possible that medieval european witch craft was amixture of two hornism, and various folk belief from pre-christian times.
in 1324,the trail of lady KYTELER in ireland brought allegations that she was a witch; that she sacrificed a red cock to one, who was called an ETHIOPEAN; the use of the name ROBIN and ROBINET; and variations is more than once found in EUROPEAN witch craft cases, the apperance of the blackman is not uncommon. was there a connection between moors and western europe as early this? most decidedly so' and much earlier, ANGLO-SAXON coins imitating ARAB dinars of A.D.774 were struck by king OFFA. with the there is only one god ALLAH and MOHAMMAED is his messenger, the originals were minted by the caliph who ruled SPAIN. LADY Kyteler sacrificed to one robbin the above should say.
Below is my opinion not taken from the book:
Maybe the religious reformation/jihaad carried out by the Alomravids at the closing of the Ghanaian empire,had at lot do with the above,imagine a fifth coloum of African non-islamic religious ideas permeating the Islmaic empire like a virus affecting even potential heathen Christian converters.
