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Post by djoser-xyyman on Jul 20, 2018 10:52:03 GMT -5
Genetic Structure of the Western and Eastern African Sahel/Savannah Belt and the Role of Nomadic Pastoralists as Inferred from the Variation of D-loop mtDNA sequences - Martina Čížková   |
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Post by djoser-xyyman on Jul 20, 2018 11:02:48 GMT -5
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Post by djoser-xyyman on Jul 20, 2018 11:17:21 GMT -5
Haplogroup O mtDNA is a haplogroup derived from haplogroup N and found in Oceania.
In human genetics, Haplogroup S is a human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroup. It is a descendant of macrohaplogroup N. It is found in Aboriginal Australians.
Haplogroup I
Haplogroup I is a human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroup. It is believed to have originated about 21,000 years ago, during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) period in West Asia ((Olivieri 2013); Terreros 2011; Fernandes 2012). The haplogroup is unusual in that it is now widely distributed geographically, but is common in only a few small areas of East Africa, West Asia and Europe. It is especially common among the El Molo and Rendille peoples of Kenya,various regions of Iran, the Lemko people of Slovakia, Poland and Ukraine, the island of Krk in Croatia, the department of Finistère in France and some parts of Scotland.
There are two principal branches, D4 and D5'6. D1 is a basal branch of D4 that is widespread and diverse in the Americas. D2, which occurs with high frequency in some arctic and subarctic populations (especially Aleuts), is a subclade of D4e1 parallel to D4e1a and D4e1c, so it properly should be termed D4e1b. D3, which has been found mainly in some Siberian populations and in Inuit of Canada and Greenland,[5] is a branch of D4b1c.
D4 (3010, 8414, 14668): The subclade D4 is the most frequently occurring mtDNA haplogroup among modern populations of northern East Asia, such as Japanese, Okinawans, Koreans, and Mongolic- or Tungusic-speaking populations of northern China.[6][7][8][9][10][11][12] D4 is also the most common haplogroup among the Buryats and Khamnigans of the Buryat Republic, the Kalmyks of the Kalmyk Republic, and the Telenghits and Kazakhs of the Altai Republic.[8][13] Spread also all over China, Southeast Asia, Siberia, Central Asia, and indigenous peoples of the Americas.[14][15][16][17][18][19][20]
D5'6 (16189): Mainly in East Asia and Southeast Asia, especially among Chinese people.[21][22][23] Generally lower in Siberia, Central Asia, and East India, though the D5a2a2 subclade is prevalent among the Yakuts of Siberia.[24]
Haplogroup M37a - found in Gujarat, India[16]
Haplogroup M5 [5] - found in South Asia
Haplogroup M5a - found in Orissa, India[16]
Haplogroup M6 [6] - found mainly in South Asia, with highest concentrations in mid-eastern India and Kashmir[10]
Haplogroup M6b - found in Kerala, India[16]
Haplogroup M7 [7] - found in East Asia, especially in Japan, southern China, Vietnam,[49] and Laos[32]
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Post by djoser-xyyman on Jul 20, 2018 11:19:34 GMT -5
What are you looking at? Some of the oldest OOA lineage are found BOTH in West Africans and Oceanians. Significance?
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Post by kel on Jul 20, 2018 15:50:08 GMT -5
"and indigenous peoples of the Americas"  Is this from West Africans ( pre-Colombian Atlantic crossing ?) OR from Asiatics entering "New World" from Bering Straits OR from South America (via Australia, ............ )?? |
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Post by djoser-xyyman on Jul 21, 2018 5:43:35 GMT -5
I am not sure what it means and why it is there. But the FACTS are these lineages are found in Native Americans and Oceanians. I assume the researchers did their due diligence and obtained samples from "indigenous" populace. ie asked about the great and great great grandparents as they typically do.
This is not the first study that shows "American" haplogroups in West Africa. What I think it means? Oceanians and others did NOT leave Africa as long ago as we a lead to believe. OOA is very recent. Remnants of first OOA in West Africa......Oceanians and Native Americans
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Post by kel on Jul 21, 2018 9:15:56 GMT -5
Very recent ?? Like when exactly?
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Post by djoser-xyyman on Jul 21, 2018 14:28:10 GMT -5
Keep in mind MtDNA X subclades found in East Africa and North Africa and.....the Americas. There are also minor subclades mtDNA N found in the Americas. alhtough N is mostly restricted to Africa, Europe and Near East. Which means the "separation" of Eurasia is very recent...maybe less than 30kyo. ...or....there is some sort of land connection across the Oceans. Very recent ?? Like when exactly? |
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