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Post by djoser-xyyman on Jul 22, 2013 20:04:34 GMT -5
I Haplogroup mtdna L2a1c1 Is Y-DNA Haplogroup E1b1a7a
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Post by djoser-xyyman on Jul 22, 2013 20:04:48 GMT -5
I Haplogroup mtdna L2a1c1 Is Y-DNA Haplogroup E1b1a7a
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Post by djoser-xyyman on Jul 22, 2013 20:05:37 GMT -5
?? You do realize this tells a story. I Haplogroup mtdna L2a1c1 Is Y-DNA Haplogroup E1b1a7a
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itschac
Commoner
My father's 100% owned by Bamileke tribe of Cameroon, My mtDNA 100% owned by Igbo tribe of Nigeria
Posts: 9
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Post by itschac on Jul 22, 2013 20:30:26 GMT -5
My paternal Y-DNA E1b1a7a 100% owned by Bamileke tribe of Cameroon, My mtDNA L2a1c1 100% owned by Igbo tribe of Nigeria
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Post by djoser-xyyman on Sept 5, 2013 18:43:41 GMT -5
So here are the races I have come up with so far(sic).
From:
Fine-Scaled Human Genetic Structure Revealed By SNP Microarrays - Jinchuan Xing,1
1 Pygmy Race
2. Bantu Race
3. Khoi-San Race
4. Southern European Race
5. Northern European Race
6. Japanese Race
7. Chinese Race.
8. Malaysian Race
9. Tamil Race
10 Irula Race
For those who like visuals: Let’s start there. The simple minded…
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Post by djoser-xyyman on Sept 5, 2013 18:46:29 GMT -5
For those who like visuals: Let’s start there. The simple minded K=no of population or groups the computer application is asked to divide the SNP data into. High frequency of a color does NOT necessarily mean origin of that color. It only means that the specific group of SNPs are shared among populations. “Origin” can be inferred by a combination of factors. Eg lineage/Haplogroups/documented history, language etc. Figure 4 K4 is very interesting. What can be inferred from the Chart. 1. Notice ALL FOUR color codes are found in Central Sub-Saharan Africa in Sudan area amongst the Luhya, Hema, Alur and !Kung!!!!! That means EITHER of two things. (a) The Sudanese Central Africans are the source followed by drift or purification taking place outside Africa OR All these non-African populations somehow ended up and admixed with Central Sudan Sub-Saharans. WHICH MAKES MORE SENSE.? Hasan et al. hg-A, hg-B found in Sudan at high frequency. 2. Notice YRI has less of these SNP. Why? They are to the far West of Sudanese Africans. Which again is an indication of the source. The source being somewhere west of the Great Lakes Sudan. Assuming the population is sedentary . Some population went West/North West and other East into Asia. 3. In other words. These Sudanese Sahara region Great Lakes people seems to be the source of ALL the world's population. ALL REGIONAL SPECIFIC SNPs are found there!!!!! This is s strong indication of the source. Ie ORIGIN.
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Post by djoser-xyyman on Sept 5, 2013 18:53:41 GMT -5
For the more cerebral type…..the analysis
EXCERPT*** Consistent with observations made by Charles Darwin, our results highlight shared variation among human populations and demonstrate that much genetic variation is geographically continuous. At the same time, principal components analyses reveal discernible genetic differentiation among almost all identified populations in our sample, and in most cases, individuals can be clearly assigned to defined populations on the basis of SNP genotypes. All individuals are accurately classified into continental groups using a model-based CLUSTERING ALGORITHM, but between closely related populations, genetic and self-classifications CONFLICT for SOME individuals. ***
EXCERPT*** For a variety of reasons, most studies have focused primarily on European populations (Seldin et al. 2006; Bauchet et al. 2007; Novembre et al. 2008; Price et al. 2008; Tian et al. 2008), and worldwide coverage of human populations REMAINS INCOMPLETE. For example, the Human Genome Diversity Project (HGDP) database***
EXCERPT*** We have also included Daghestanis from the Caucasus region and Ibans from Sarawak, Malaysia to improve coverage in other underrepresented regions. Our analysis offers new insights on the genetic affinities and evolution of populations residing between commonly studied***
EXCERPT*** Among the four major groups, Africa has the highest heterozygosity (28.5%), while East/Southeast Asia has the lowest (25.7%, Table 2). The heterozygosities in Europe and India are similar (27.9% and 27.4%, respectively). These estimates are in general agreement with other studies but are expected to be influenced to some degree by the ascertainment BIAS of the SNPs selected for the microarray. This bias could inflate estimates of heterozygosity for populations (e.g., Europeans) in which the SNPs were INITIALLY ascertained!!!!. Consistent with its higher average heterozygosity, Africa also has the highest proportion (97.2%) of genotyped loci that are polymorphic in the sample (minor allele frequency [MAF] > 0) among the 243,855 SNPs. In contrast, only 86.0%of the SNPs in the East/Southeast Asia group are polymorphic (Table 2). *** IT ALL CAME FROM AFRICA
EXCERPT*** Almost all of the SNPs that are polymorphic in only one group are unique to Africa (6.6%), while COLLECTIVELY only 0.39% of the SNPs are unique to any of the other three continental groups (Supplemental Table 2). THERE WERE NO FIXED DIFFERENCES BETWEEN CONTINENTAL POPULATIONS AT ANY LOCUS!!!. Thus, these results support the emerging conclusion that most common genetic variation is shared among major human population groups. To assess the proportion of genetic variation attributable to population subdivision, we estimated FST for the total sample, divided into four major groups (FST = 12.33%). We also estimated FST among populations within each continental group. Africa has the highest value (3.63%), which is more than TWICE the FST in East/Southeast Asia (1.41%) and India (1.66%) and more than FOUR TIMES that found in Europe (0.73%). Similar continental and overall FST values are obtained when HapMap populations are excluded from the analysis (Table 2). ***
EXCERPT*** When we increase the assumed number of populations, subcontinental population structure can be detected, and genetically isolated groups are split apart from the continental groups. With K = 5, all Mbuti Pygmy and all but three !Kung individuals form a group distinct from other African individuals***
EXCERPT*** With increasing K, weak within population structure results in unstable groupings of small numbers of individuals. ***
EXCERPT*** Discussion
In 1871, Charles Darwin noted in The Descent of Man, and Selection in Relation to Sex: ‘‘It may be doubted whether any character can be named WHICH IS DISTINCTIVE OF A RACE and is constant.’’ Modern studies of genetic variation, including this one, have supported Darwin’s observation, showing that most common variants are shared widely among human populations (Altshuler et al. 2005; Jakobsson et al. 2008). Our data confirm what Darwin believed: WE FOUND NOT A SINGLE SNP LOCUS, OUT OF NEARLY 250,000, AT WHICH A FIXED DIFFERENCE WOULD DISTINGUISH ANY PAIR OF CONTINENTAL POPULATIONS. In addition, because population affiliation is not a reliable predictor of an individual’s specific genotype or***
EXCERPT*** In our study, all measures of genetic diversity (heterozygosity, percentage of polymorphic SNPs, and FST) were highest in African populations. Most other genetic surveys show similar results (Yu et al. 2002; Tishkoff and Verrelli 2003; Guthery et al. 2007; Wall et al. 2008). ***
EXCERPT*** These comparisons must be regarded CAUTIOUSLY, because they can be affected by the population sampling scheme. They suggest that heterozygosity estimates based on SNPs in the 250K panel are less affected by ascertainment bias than are those based on other polymorphic systems, but that European heterozygosity, in particular, is still likely to be biased UPWARD and the microarray results here may NOT have COMPLETELY ASSESSED the genetic diversity in Africa. *** WHAT ARE BEING LABELLED EUROPEAN SNPs/AIM MAY BE WRONGLY LABELED AS SUCH.
xxx
Figure 4 K4 is very interesting. What can be inferred from the Chart.
1. Notice ALL FOUR color codes are found in Central Sub-Saharan Africa in Sudan area amongst the Luhya, Hema, Alur and !Kung!!!!! That means EITHER of two things. (a) The Sudanese Central Africans are the source followed by drift or purification taking place outside Africa OR All these non-African populations somehow ended up and admixed with Central Sudan Sub-Saharans. WHICH MAKES MORE SENSE.? Hasan et al. hg-A, hg-B found in Sudan at high frequency.
2. Notice YRI has less of these SNP. Why? They are to the far West of Sudanese Africans. Which again is an indication of the source. The source being somewhere west of the Great Lakes Sudan. Assuming the population is sedentary . Some population went West/North West and other East into Asia.
3. In other words. These Sudanese Sahara region Great Lakes people seems to be the source of ALL the world's population. ALL REGIONAL SPECIFIC SNPs are found there!!!!! This is s strong indication of the source. Ie ORIGIN.
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Post by djoser-xyyman on Sept 5, 2013 18:59:18 GMT -5
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Post by azrur on Oct 7, 2013 20:38:23 GMT -5
north african
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itschac
Commoner
My father's 100% owned by Bamileke tribe of Cameroon, My mtDNA 100% owned by Igbo tribe of Nigeria
Posts: 9
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Post by itschac on Feb 6, 2014 18:45:27 GMT -5
I Haplogroup mtdna L2a1c1 Is Y-DNA Haplogroup E1b1a7a My paternal Y-DNA E1b1a7a 100% owned by Bamileke tribe of Cameroon, My mtDNA L2a1c1 100% owned by Igbo tribe of Nigeria
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HaploEshu
Commoner
Reading between the lines...
Posts: 7
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Post by HaploEshu on Jan 15, 2016 8:57:43 GMT -5
Mods this is not a race thread. I got the idea when I got my results back from 23andme. Being 1st generation with parents from Caribbean I made certain assumptions about myself and heritage which changed when I got my results back. I knew “long time AA” and people from the Caribbean have an interwoven and similar past with rape and abuse taken out on our black women during the time of slavery. And that AA may have a higher percentage of Euro genetic morphology. When I saw the amount of 4-5th cousins that were white, carrying R1b1b, Hg-I and mtDNA U and H, threw me a curve. What puzzled me was why there were so many Euro-Americans on 23andMe that was related to me. Discussing the results with my brother, who is more in tune with family history, mentioned that one of our great- great-grandparent, maybe there was another great in there, was from New Orleans and was tied to the Louisiana Purchase. When I read through the forums and discussion groups about people’s reaction when they got their result gave me the idea. Genetics will solve and create a lot of problems. Some may commit suicide, when they get their results back. Notably white people. I was amazed at the amount of white people that carry African lineage, eg Hg-L , and their African heritage percentages. Some of these people really thought they were “pure white” and their bubble is being burst. They may be better off not knowing the results. Others took it in stride and moved on. The other thing that struck me was the amount of mis-information out there. Here are excerpts from the forums/group discussions. I will add more when I have time. Anyone feel free to add. Keep it short to make the thread interesting. BTW – I am L2a1a(not sure if it is the African or European version) and E1b1a(upstream!! ). African heritage with minor percentage of European. And less than 1 percent Asian. This is definitely the beginning of an excellent thread, though i'm entering on the scene years after the initial post. So, i will start here and trek through the discussions until i reach 2016. In the spirit of keeping "it short," i will add that my maternal haplogroup is L2c2a (more prescisely L2c2a1) and E1b1a7a (more precisely E-U174 -> E-CTS923). Like you, i've tested with 23andMe too. However, for thoroughness and comparison, i also tested with African Ancestry (that was a disappointment), DNAPrints Genomics (now defunct), FamilyTree DNA, AncestryDNA, Genographic Project, TribeCode, DNA Tribes (SNP analysis only); and had two sisters, one niece, and four cousins tested as well. To a great extent, i've exhausted all my of testing options, save Y-DNA testing available at the Full Genomes Corporation (FGC). YES, it was all worth the time and expense, for me that is.
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HaploEshu
Commoner
Reading between the lines...
Posts: 7
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Post by HaploEshu on Jan 15, 2016 9:28:41 GMT -5
Confused L2a White Guy Both of my parents are children of white eastern european immigrants. Yet I am an L2a showing sub-saharan African decent. Can anyone explain this or am I mis-reading something Xabier: Jan 24, 2011 Keep in mind that it only touches upon one line of thousands in your genome. My wife would be described as white Hispanic, but just got her maternal haplogroup back as L1b1a7. Chucky P: Jan 25, 2011 Surely Berbers are North African. They also cluster with southern Europeans. Lb1b is more derived. It is as young as 2500 years. My Berber ancestress could have been a Guanche from the Canary Islands or she could have been brought as a slave through the Saharan slave routs to El Jadida or Marrakesh en sold into a Sephardic family MikePP: Feb 27, 2011 I am trying to fully understand this without getting too emotional. Only the facts please. We all know phenotype and haplogroup does not always matchup, especially in this part of the world. Who knows who was sleeping with whom 2-400ya. altai volk: Feb 28, 2011 Just got a RF match with a D4E1. No response back yet, anonymous. I can say with certainty that there is no RECENT history (200+/- years) of african blood ccontribution in my family, either side, so perhaps we are on to something here: Is there such a thing as a non african european type african? Ted Kandell: Mar 2, 2011 As many people above pointed out, L2a1 (or more specifically L2a1l2) is really Ashkenazi Jewish, yet of Sub-Saharan African origin LitheLady: Mar 25, 2011 I am an H, European, but I also found a fifth cousin that I discovered on this site who has African heritage from both father and mother. My 100% European GGG Grandmother had an illicit relationship and then a child with a peddler passing through town who was "non=white".....this secret was kept from the later family, and only recently revealed by our 89 year old Aunt. So, we never knew of this link, but always wondered about our grandmother's unusual hair and nose. HaploEshu: Jan 15, 2016 Another point to keep in mind is that L2a/1 is "pan-African" (not in the nationalistic sense), present in full strides throughout the entire continent unlike other maternal haplogroups common to Africa. I think one factor that is marginalized is that men were more mobile and therefore contributed to the spread of populations and languages. I think that's a half truth. Language is called "mother tongue" for a reason. Later history, through conquest, the men played major roles in spreading population and language but no so in the "beginning". More importantly, the status quo narrative is that "Sub-Saharan" (ie., South of the Sahara) is conflated with or connote "Black Africa" (whatever that is), which camouflages the fact that Africans were residents of North Africa either before and/or simultaneously with so-called "Berber" (which in fact is a European devised linguistic designation, as with "Afro-Asiatic," "Semitic," "Hamitic," "Cushitic," "Chadic," and "Niger-Congo" for example). With the growing decimation of the wet Sahara, populations shifted followed by constant streams of invasions into North Africa by non-indigenous groups.
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